Safety Considerations for the Therapeutic Use of Ketamine
Subanesthetic ketamine is a remarkably safe medication that has been used as an anesthetic for over 40 years. Most side effects are transient and mild. Some individuals may experience nausea, dizziness, or an elevation in blood pressure and heart rate. (reference) If these side effects occur, we can provide treatments, such as anti-nausea medication, in our office. During your consultation, one of our medical providers will screen you for any medical or psychiatric contraindications to ketamine treatment.
Potential Side Effects of Ketamine
Elevation in blood pressure
Elevation in heart rate
Nausea and vomiting
Dizziness
Transient disruption in motor skills
Uncommon Side Effects
Pain and redness at the injection site
Jerky muscle movements
Double vision
Rash
Increased eye pressure
Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
Rare Side Effects
Allergic reactions
Ketamine Bladder Syndrome
Irregular or slowed heart rate
Low blood pressure
Laryngospasm
Arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm)
Abuse Potential
There is little evidence to suggest that ketamine used in a supervised setting with close monitoring results in addiction. However, it’s important to know that ketamine has a history of misuse, especially in individuals with a history of substance abuse. As with any drug, there is potential for abuse and harm if not taken safely and under medical supervision.
Potential Emotional and Psychological Experiences
While ketamine can lead to positive mental and emotional experiences, it may also provoke challenging emotions, activate distressing memories, or cause uncomfortable bodily sensations. These experiences are often part of the therapeutic process and can be valuable for personal growth. Processing painful experiences with a therapist can help reduce symptoms associated with depression, anxiety, and other psychological conditions, while also increasing agency, resilience, purpose, and connection.
Interactions with Other Medications
Ketamine has few interactions with other medications; however, some drugs can decrease its therapeutic effects or increase the risk of side effects. These include sedatives, ADHD stimulants, certain antibiotics, antifungal agents, and tramadol. Illicit drugs and marijuana should be avoided for at least 24 hours prior to ketamine treatment.
Conclusion
The growing body of evidence supporting ketamine's safety profile, along with its rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, makes it a valuable option in treating mental health disorders. However, it is important to receive treatment under the guidance of qualified medical professionals to ensure safety and effectiveness. If you are interested in exploring the transformative benefits of ketamine treatment in a safe and supportive environment, please schedule a session with our team and take the first step toward lasting relief.